The Fort Bend Museum, as stated in its charter and by-laws, exists for the promotion and preservation of Fort Bend County history and the education of the public through the museum's exhibits, programs, properties, collections and archives.
The collections of the museum are to consist of accessioned artifacts, documents, books, photographs, etc., relating to the history of Texas with particular emphasis on the Fort Bend County area and its inhabitants. The collections consist primarily of cultural material dating from the 1820s to the 1940s. However, the settlement of Austin's Colony is to be emphasized in both the collecting and presentation of artifacts.
Taking its educational responsibilities seriously, the museum also maintains a teaching collection of reproductions, replicas and expendable items.